Civil Code > TITLE VI. GOODS IN GENERAL AND POSSESSION 1

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BOOK III. GOODS

TITLE VI GOODS IN GENERAL AND POSSESSION

Chapter 1. Goods in general

Art .1126. Various kinds of goods.

All goods are movable or immovable.

Art. 1127.- Corporeal chattels.- 1. Principle.

Corporeal chattels are things which have a material existence and can move themselves or be moved by man without losing their individual character.

Art .1128.- 2. Securities to bearer.

Unless otherwise provided by law, claims and other incorporeal rights embodied in securities to bearer shall be deemed to be corporeal chattels.

Art. 1129. 3. Natural forces.

Unless otherwise provided by law, natural forces of an economic value, such as electricity, shall be deemed to be corporeal chattels where they have been mastered by man and put to his use.

Art. 1130.- Immovables.

Lands and buildings shall be deemed to be immovables.

Art. 1131.- Intrinsic elements of goods. 1. Principle.

Unless otherwise provided, rights on, or dealings relating to, goods shall apply to all intrinsic elements thereof.

Art. 1132.- 2. Definition.

(1) Anything which by custom is regarded as forming part of a thing shall be deemed to be an intrinsic element thereof.

(2) Anything which is materially united to a thing and can not be detached thereform without destroying or damaging such thing shall be deemed to be an intrinsic element thereof.

Art. 1133.- 3. Trees and corps.

(1) Trees and corps shall be an intrinsic element of the land until they are separated therefrom.

(2) They shall be deemed to be distinct corporeal chattels where they are subject to contracts made for their separation from the land or implying such separation.

Art. 1134.- 4. Rights of third parties.

(1) A thing which becomes an intrinsic element of a movable or immovable shall cease to constitute a distinct thing.

(2) All the rights which third parties previously had on such thing shall be extinguished.

(3) Nothing shall affect the right of such third parties to make claims based on liability for damages or unlawful enrichment.

Art. 1135.- Accessories. – 1. Principle

In doubtful cases, rights on, or dealings relating to, things shall apply to the accessories thereof.

Art. 1136.- 2. Definition.

Anything which the possessor or owner of a thing has permanently destined for the use of such thing shall be deemed to be an accessory thereof.

Art. 1137.- 3. Temporary separation from the thing.

No accessory shall lose its character of accessory where it is temporarily detached from the thing to which it is destined.

Art. 1138.- 4. Rights of third parties.

(1) The rights which third parties may have on a thing shall not be affected by such thing being destined to the use of a movable or immovable.

(2) Such rights may not be set up against a third party in good faith unless they are embodied in a written document dated prior to the thing having been so destined.

Art. 1139.- 5. Cessation of character of accessory.

(1) The owner of a thing may put an end to the character of accessory of such thing.

(2) Nothing shall affect the rights of third parties having had dealings with the owner on the faith of such character.

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